英語的音標共有48個,分為母音(20個)和子音(28個)。
母音共20個,可分為單元音(由乙個母音構成,12個)和雙母音(由兩個母音構成,8個),其中單元音根據其發音的長短又可以區別為短母音(7個)和長母音(5個)。
子音按照發音時聲帶是否震動分為清子音(聲帶不震動)和濁子音, 另外子音也可以按照子音的數量分為雙子音和單子音。
1.短母音
i 如his ;
e 如basket,women;
a 如 orange;
y 如busy;
u 如busy, minute
e 如desk,empty;
ea 如head,bread;
a 如many,any;
a如cat,and,hand;
o如brother;oo 如blood;u如up;ou如trouble
o如orange;au如because;a如want,wash
u如full;oo如book;o如woman;
or如color,actor;e如here;er如leader;ou如delicious;o如together;a如banana
2.長母音
ee如three;ea如tea,meat;e如he,me;ei如receive;i如police
a如fast,class;ar如farm,car;
al 如small;or 如short,more;au如autumn,caught; our如four;ar如warm
oo如food,moon;o如shoe,do;u如true,blue
ir如girl,shirt;ur如turn,burn;ear如learn,earn;ur如term,her;or如work;
3.雙母音
a如name;ay如play;ea如great;ai如rain,paint;ey如they,grey;
i如bike,fine,find; y如my,try,fly;
oy如boy,toy;oi如oil,soil,voice;
eer 如beer,deer;ea如idea ;ear如near ;ere如here;
ear如pear,bear;air如chair,air;are如care ;ere如there where
our如tour;oor如poor;
o如home,cold;ow如know,low;oa如boat,coat;
ou如house,out; ow如flower,down,cow;
4.清子音
p如pen,push,pull,put;
t如tree,two,ten,city;
k如king,kite,look;c如card,cat,cream;x如fox,box;ch如school,schedule;
f如five,fly,fine;ph如photo,laugh,rough;
th如birthday,breath,three,thirty,tooth,mouth
s如six,sit,student;c如city,cease ;ce如juice,science;
sh如sheep,ship,brush;ti如nation,station;c如 social,special;s如sure;
h如hot,hop,house ;wh如who
5.濁子音
b如book,big,boot,bike,bread,break;
d如door,dull,desk,do,dog,dictionary;
g如girl,good,goal,goat,grade,language;
v如very,evening,even,every,voice;f如of;
th如that,this,those,these,though
z如zoo,zebra,zero;se如close,nose,pause,whose;
s如pleasure;
m如man,make,moon,move,come;
n如pen,ten,nine,fine,clean;
n如uncle,bank,thank,junk,sing,morning;
l如long,fly,flag,black,world,cold,could,goal
r如read,red,right,run,room,write
y如yes,year,yell,you,your ;
6.雙子音
ch如child,china,chair;ch如lunch,catch,teach;
ge如age,cabbage,stage;j 如joy,join,june,junk;
dr如dry,dream,drop,drive;
tr如tree,country,try,treat;
ts如students,boots,boats,goats,nuts;
ds如goods,woods,moods,hoods;
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