賓語從句
二．賓語從句
賓語從句就是在復合句中作賓語的名詞性從句，通常放在主句謂語動詞（及物動詞）或介詞之後。
1. 作動詞的賓語
(1) 由that引導的賓語從句（that 通常可以省略）,例如： i heard that he joined the army.
由whether (if) 引導的賓語從句，例如：i wonder whether you can change this note for me.
(2)由who, what, which,引導的賓語從句she did not know what had happened.
(3)由when, where, how, why引導的賓語從句
2. 作介詞的賓語例如：our success depends upon how well we can cooperate with one another.
3. 作形容詞的賓語例如：i am afraid (that) i』ve made a mistake.
that 引導的從句常跟在下列形容詞後作賓語： anxious, aware, certain, confident, convinced, determined, glad, proud, surprised, worried, sorry, thankful, ashamed, disappointed, annoyed, pleased, hurt, satisfied, content 等。也可以將此類詞後的that 從句的看作原因狀語從句。
4. it 可以作為形式賓語 it 不僅可以作為形式主語，還可以作為形式賓語，而真正的賓語that 從句則放在句尾，特別是在帶復合賓語的句子中。 例如：
we heard it that she would get married next month.
表語從句：
用作表語的從句叫做表語從句。
引導表語從句的連詞有…as if , as though.
the trouble is that i h**e lost his address .
the question is whether they will be able to help us .
the problem is who we can get to replace her .
that was what she did this morning on reaching the attic .
the question is how he did it .
從屬連詞if一般不用來引導表語從句，但as if 卻可引表語從句，如it looks as if it』s going to rain.
all this was over twenty years ago ，but it』s as if it was only yesterday .
同位語從句
同位語從句在主從復合句中作某一名詞的同位語,也就是說同位語從句說明被修飾名詞的具體內容。
1.這些名詞有,如:hope, plan, fact, news, problem, truth, idea, information等,此時同位語從句具體介紹這些名詞的內容。
2. 引導同位語從句的從屬連詞：
the fact that he will come is surprising.他要來的事實出乎人們的意料。
the teacher g**e the order that the students should hand in their homework at once.
will they discuss the problem whether the sports meet will be put off this afternoon? 他們今天下午將討論運動會是否推遲舉行的問題嗎?
do you agree his idea when we will le**e?/ how we will get there?/how we should do it.
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